The raw material, production, and labor network responsible for the fashioning of products. These chains often span the globe, with some countries profiting greatly for their contribution to the chain, and others clearly being exploited.

Production processes carried out by "interorganizational networks clustered around one commodity or product, linking households, enterprises, and states to one another within the world economy," with greater share of control and wealth going to network nodes in core countries (G. Gereffi and M. Korzeniewicz, eds., Commodity Chains and Glo [..]